John Qiu
b9c808cce0
将项目级的 Ratchet/约定检测方法论融入 req-test-gate 技能， 通过 /req 流程三个节点自动触发（dev 环境检测、cr 约定建议、test Gate 0B）， 无需手动记忆执行。 新增文档：harness-engineering.md、ratchet-pattern.md、convention-flow.md、 project-bootstrap.md 及 4 个模板（ratchet/convention 脚本、GATES.md、pre-commit）。 Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
817 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
817 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
---
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name: dev-coding
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description: 软件编码开发技能。用于代码编写、功能实现、代码审查、重构优化。集成 ai-proj CLI 进行任务管理和进度跟踪。支持 Go、Vue、React、iOS、Android、小程序等全栈开发。
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---
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# 软件编码开发 Skill (dev-coding)
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## ⚠️ REQ 任务自动工作流
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**当收到 REQ 任务（包含 REQ-YYYYMMDD-XXXX）需要开发时，必须严格按以下顺序执行：**
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1. **读取 ticket** — 从 ai-proj 获取需求详情和关联文档
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```
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mcp__ai-proj-dev__get_detailed_task_info (通过 REQ 号查找)
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mcp__ai-proj-dev__get_task_document (如果有 PRD 文档)
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```
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2. **进入 Plan Mode** — 调用 `EnterPlanMode` 工具
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- 分析需求，探索代码库，设计实现方案
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- 输出实现计划（涉及的文件、改动范围、测试策略）
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- 等待用户审批后再开始编码
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3. **执行计划** — 用户批准后按计划编码 + 写测试
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**禁止跳过 plan mode 直接编码。**
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---
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## 概述
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本技能用于软件编码开发工作，支持多种项目类型：
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- Go 后端 (Gin + GORM)
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- Vue 3 / React 前端
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- iOS (Swift/SwiftUI)
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- Android (Kotlin/Jetpack Compose)
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- PDA 应用
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- MCP 桥接服务
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- 微服务架构
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核心集成 **ai-proj CLI** 进行任务管理。
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---
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## ai-proj 任务管理
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### 开发任务工作流
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```
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1. 查看/创建任务 → 2. 启动任务 → 3. 编码实现 → 4. 完成任务 → 5. 记录文档
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```
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### 任务操作速查
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| 操作 | CLI 命令 | 说明 |
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|------|----------|------|
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| 查看任务列表 | `ai-proj task list` | 查看项目所有任务 |
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| 创建任务 | `ai-proj task create` | 创建新任务 |
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| 创建子任务 | `ai-proj task create --parent-id` | 分解任务 |
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| 启动任务 | `ai-proj task start --id` | 开始执行 |
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| 完成任务 | `ai-proj task complete --id` | 标记完成 |
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| 更新任务 | `ai-proj task update --id` | 更新状态/描述 |
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| 查看详情 | `ai-proj task get --id` | 完整任务信息 |
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| 记录文档 | `ai-proj task append-doc --id` | 附加文档 |
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### 开始新任务
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```bash
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# 1. 查看任务列表
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ai-proj task list --status todo,in_progress
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# 2. 启动任务
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ai-proj task start --id <taskId>
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# 3. 完成后
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ai-proj task complete --id <taskId>
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# 4. 记录文档
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ai-proj task append-doc --id <taskId> --content "实现说明"
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```
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---
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## 项目类型速查
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### 当前项目生态
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| 项目 | 类型 | 后端 | 前端 | 移动端 |
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|------|------|------|------|--------|
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| TWMS | 仓储物流 | Go+Gin+MySQL | Vue 3 | - |
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| AI-Proj | 项目管理 | Go+Gin+PostgreSQL | React 18 | iOS+Android |
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| DICIAI | 进销存SaaS | Go+Gin+MySQL | Vue 3 | Android PDA |
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---
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## Go 后端开发
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### 分层架构
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```
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backend/
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├── cmd/main.go # 入口点
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├── internal/
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│ ├── controller/handlers/ # HTTP 处理层
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│ ├── biz/services/ # 业务逻辑层
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│ ├── store/database/ # 数据访问层
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│ └── middleware/ # 中间件
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├── pkg/
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│ ├── model/ # 数据模型
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│ ├── errno/ # 错误定义
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│ ├── api/ # API 类型
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│ └── util/ # 工具函数
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└── configs/migrations/ # 配置和迁移
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```
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### 代码规范
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```go
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// 包声明和导入组织
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package main
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import (
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// 标准库
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"context"
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"fmt"
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// 第三方
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"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
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// 项目内部
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"project/internal/pkg/errno"
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)
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// 错误处理 (Errno 模式)
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if err != nil {
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core.WriteResponse(c, errno.ErrBind, nil)
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return
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}
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// 接口定义
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type IStore interface {
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Users() UserStore
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}
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// 服务注入
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type userBiz struct {
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ds store.IStore
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}
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func NewUserBiz(ds store.IStore) *userBiz {
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return &userBiz{ds: ds}
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}
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```
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### 常用命令
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```bash
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# 构建
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make build
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go build -o ./_output/main ./cmd/main.go
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# 运行
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./_output/main --config ./configs/config.yaml
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# 测试
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make test
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go test -v ./...
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# 代码检查
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make lint
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golangci-lint run
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# Swagger 文档
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make swagger
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swag init -g cmd/main.go
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```
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### 数据库模型
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```go
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type UserM struct {
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Id int64 `gorm:"column:id;primary_key"`
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Username string `gorm:"column:username;not null"`
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CreateTime int64 `gorm:"column:create_time"`
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UpdateTime int64 `gorm:"column:update_time"`
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DeletedAt soft_delete.DeletedAt `gorm:"column:deleted_at"`
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}
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func (m *UserM) TableName() string { return "users" }
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func (m *UserM) BeforeCreate(tx *gorm.DB) error {
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m.CreateTime = time.Now().Unix()
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m.UpdateTime = m.CreateTime
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return nil
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}
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```
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---
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## 前端 data-testid 规范
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编写或修改前端组件时，**所有可交互元素必须加 `data-testid`**。
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**命名格式:** `<模块>-<元素类型>[-<标识>]`
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```vue
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<!-- ✅ 正确 -->
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<a-input data-testid="product-input-name" v-model:value="form.name" placeholder="商品名称" />
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<a-button data-testid="product-btn-submit" type="primary">创建商品</a-button>
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<a-select data-testid="product-select-brand" v-model:value="form.brandId" />
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<a-table data-testid="product-table" :dataSource="list" />
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<!-- ❌ 错误 — 交互元素无 data-testid -->
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<a-input v-model:value="form.name" placeholder="商品名称" />
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<a-button type="primary">创建商品</a-button>
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```
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**必须加:** 输入框、选择器、开关、按钮（提交/取消/删除）、表格、模态框确认按钮、导航菜单项
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**不需要加:** 纯展示文本、图标、布局容器（Row/Col/Space）
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---
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## Vue 3 前端开发
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### 项目结构
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```
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frontend/src/
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├── api/ # API 服务 (按模块分组)
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│ ├── wms/ # 仓储管理
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│ ├── oms/ # 订单管理
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│ └── system/ # 系统管理
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├── views/ # 页面组件
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├── components/ # 可复用组件
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├── store/modules/ # Pinia 状态
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├── router/ # 路由配置
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├── utils/
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│ ├── request.ts # Axios 拦截器
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│ └── permission.ts # 权限检查
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└── i18n/ # 国际化
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```
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### 代码规范
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```typescript
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// API 服务层
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// api/user/model/index.ts
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export interface User {
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id: number;
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username: string;
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}
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// api/user/index.ts
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import request from '@/utils/request';
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import type { ApiResult, PageResult } from '@/api';
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import type { User } from './model';
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export async function getUsers(params: UserParams) {
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const res = await request.get<ApiResult<PageResult<User>>>(
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'/v1/users',
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{ params }
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);
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if (res.status === 200) {
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return res.data;
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}
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return Promise.reject(new Error(res.data.message));
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}
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```
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### 常用命令
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```bash
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# 安装依赖
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npm install
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pnpm install # DICIAI 使用 pnpm
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# 开发
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npm run dev
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# 构建
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npm run build:prod
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npm run build:test
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# 代码检查
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npm run lint:eslint
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```
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---
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## React 前端开发
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### 项目结构
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```
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frontend/src/
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├── pages/ # 页面组件
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├── components/ # 可复用组件
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├── services/ # API 服务
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├── hooks/ # 自定义 Hooks
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├── contexts/ # Context Providers
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├── types/ # TypeScript 类型
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├── utils/ # 工具函数
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└── config/ # 配置
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```
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### 代码规范
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```typescript
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// Context 集成
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<QueryProvider>
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<AuthProvider>
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<TimerProvider>
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<ConfigProvider locale={zhCN}>
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<Router>
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<Routes />
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</Router>
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</ConfigProvider>
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</TimerProvider>
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</AuthProvider>
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</QueryProvider>
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// API 服务
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const api = axios.create({
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baseURL: API_BASE_URL,
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timeout: 120000,
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});
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api.interceptors.request.use((config) => {
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const token = TokenManager.getToken();
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if (token) {
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config.headers.Authorization = `Bearer ${token}`;
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}
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return config;
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});
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```
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### 常用命令
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```bash
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# 开发
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npm start
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# 构建
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npm run build
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# 测试
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npm test
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npm run test:e2e
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```
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---
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## iOS 开发 (Swift/SwiftUI)
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### 项目结构
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```
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AI-Proj-iOS/
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├── Core/ # 核心服务
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│ ├── Network/ # 网络层
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│ ├── Storage/ # 本地存储
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│ └── Auth/ # 认证
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├── Features/ # 功能模块
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│ ├── Dashboard/
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│ ├── Tasks/
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│ └── Settings/
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├── Models/ # 数据模型
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└── UI/ # UI 组件
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```
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### 代码规范
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```swift
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// MVVM 架构
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class TaskViewModel: ObservableObject {
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@Published var tasks: [Task] = []
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@Published var isLoading = false
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private let taskService: TaskServiceProtocol
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init(taskService: TaskServiceProtocol = TaskService()) {
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self.taskService = taskService
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}
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func fetchTasks() async {
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isLoading = true
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defer { isLoading = false }
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do {
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tasks = try await taskService.getTasks()
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} catch {
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// 错误处理
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}
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}
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}
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// SwiftUI 视图
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struct TaskListView: View {
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@StateObject private var viewModel = TaskViewModel()
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var body: some View {
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List(viewModel.tasks) { task in
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TaskRow(task: task)
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}
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.task {
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await viewModel.fetchTasks()
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}
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}
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}
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```
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### 构建命令
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```bash
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# Xcode 构建
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xcodebuild -scheme AI-Proj-iOS -configuration Debug
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# 测试
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xcodebuild test -scheme AI-Proj-iOS
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```
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### 常见问题排查
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#### SwiftLint 沙盒错误
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**问题描述**：
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构建时出现错误：
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```
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Sandbox: swiftlint(xxxx) deny(1) file-read-data /path/to/.swiftlint.yml
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```
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**原因**：
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Xcode 15+ 默认启用 User Script Sandboxing，限制脚本访问文件系统。
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**解决方案**：
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方案 1 - 修改项目配置（推荐）：
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1. 打开 Xcode → 选择项目 → Build Settings
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2. 搜索 "User Script Sandboxing"
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3. 将 `ENABLE_USER_SCRIPT_SANDBOXING` 设置为 `NO`
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方案 2 - 命令行构建时禁用：
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```bash
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xcodebuild -scheme AI-Proj-iOS -configuration Debug \
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ENABLE_USER_SCRIPT_SANDBOXING=NO
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```
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方案 3 - 直接修改 project.pbxproj：
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```bash
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sed -i '' 's/ENABLE_USER_SCRIPT_SANDBOXING = YES/ENABLE_USER_SCRIPT_SANDBOXING = NO/g' \
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AI-Proj-iOS.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj
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```
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#### Personal Development Team 功能限制
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**问题描述**：
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使用免费 Personal Team 签名时报错：
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```
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Cannot create iOS App Development provisioning profile...
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Personal development teams do not support the Associated Domains,
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Push Notifications and App Groups capabilities.
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```
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**原因**：
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Personal Team（免费账户）不支持以下 Entitlements：
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- Associated Domains (`com.apple.developer.associated-domains`)
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- Push Notifications (`aps-environment`)
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- App Groups (`com.apple.security.application-groups`)
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**解决方案**：
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1. 从 Entitlements 文件中移除不支持的功能：
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```xml
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<!-- AI-Proj-iOS.entitlements -->
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
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<plist version="1.0">
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<dict>
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<!-- 仅保留 Personal Team 支持的功能 -->
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<key>keychain-access-groups</key>
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<array>
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<string>$(AppIdentifierPrefix)com.yourcompany.app</string>
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</array>
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</dict>
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</plist>
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```
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2. Personal Team 支持的功能：
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- Keychain Access Groups ✓
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- In-App Purchase ✓
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- Game Center ✓
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3. 需要付费 Apple Developer Program 的功能：
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- Push Notifications ✗
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- Associated Domains ✗
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- App Groups ✗
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- CloudKit ✗
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- Sign in with Apple ✗
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---
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## Android 开发 (Kotlin)
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### 项目结构
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```
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android-app/app/src/main/
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├── java/com/project/
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│ ├── ui/ # UI 层
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│ │ ├── screens/ # Compose 屏幕
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│ │ └── components/ # 可复用组件
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│ ├── data/ # 数据层
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│ │ ├── api/ # 网络接口
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│ │ ├── repository/ # 仓库模式
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│ │ └── local/ # 本地存储
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│ ├── domain/ # 业务逻辑
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│ └── di/ # 依赖注入
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└── res/ # 资源文件
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```
|
||
|
||
### 代码规范
|
||
|
||
```kotlin
|
||
// Hilt 依赖注入
|
||
@HiltViewModel
|
||
class TaskViewModel @Inject constructor(
|
||
private val taskRepository: TaskRepository
|
||
) : ViewModel() {
|
||
|
||
private val _tasks = MutableStateFlow<List<Task>>(emptyList())
|
||
val tasks: StateFlow<List<Task>> = _tasks.asStateFlow()
|
||
|
||
fun fetchTasks() {
|
||
viewModelScope.launch {
|
||
taskRepository.getTasks()
|
||
.collect { _tasks.value = it }
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Jetpack Compose
|
||
@Composable
|
||
fun TaskListScreen(
|
||
viewModel: TaskViewModel = hiltViewModel()
|
||
) {
|
||
val tasks by viewModel.tasks.collectAsState()
|
||
|
||
LazyColumn {
|
||
items(tasks) { task ->
|
||
TaskItem(task = task)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 构建命令
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 构建 Debug
|
||
./gradlew assembleDebug
|
||
|
||
# 构建 Release
|
||
./gradlew assembleRelease
|
||
|
||
# 测试
|
||
./gradlew test
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## PDA 应用开发
|
||
|
||
### 特点
|
||
|
||
- Android 原生开发
|
||
- 扫码枪集成
|
||
- 离线优先
|
||
- 简洁 UI
|
||
|
||
### 常见功能
|
||
|
||
```kotlin
|
||
// 扫码处理
|
||
class ScanReceiver : BroadcastReceiver() {
|
||
override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
|
||
val barcode = intent.getStringExtra("SCAN_BARCODE")
|
||
// 处理扫码结果
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 离线存储
|
||
@Entity(tableName = "inventory")
|
||
data class Inventory(
|
||
@PrimaryKey val id: Long,
|
||
val barcode: String,
|
||
val quantity: Int,
|
||
@ColumnInfo(name = "sync_status")
|
||
val syncStatus: SyncStatus = SyncStatus.PENDING
|
||
)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## MCP 桥接开发
|
||
|
||
### 项目结构
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
mcp-task-bridge/
|
||
├── index.ts # 入口
|
||
├── task-service.ts # 任务服务
|
||
├── document-service.ts # 文档服务
|
||
├── base-client.ts # HTTP 基类
|
||
├── types.ts # 类型定义
|
||
└── token-storage.ts # Token 管理
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 代码规范
|
||
|
||
```typescript
|
||
// 服务类模式
|
||
export class TaskService extends BaseClient {
|
||
async createTask(
|
||
title: string,
|
||
projectId: number = 1,
|
||
options: CreateTaskOptions = {}
|
||
): Promise<ApiResponse<Task>> {
|
||
try {
|
||
const response = await this.makeRequest<Task>(
|
||
'POST',
|
||
`/projects/${projectId}/tasks`,
|
||
{ title, project_id: projectId, ...options }
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
if (response.success) {
|
||
return {
|
||
success: true,
|
||
data: response.data,
|
||
message: `✅ 任务 "${title}" 创建成功`
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
return response;
|
||
} catch (error: any) {
|
||
return {
|
||
success: false,
|
||
error: `创建任务失败: ${error.message}`
|
||
};
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 通用开发规范
|
||
|
||
### API 响应格式
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
{
|
||
"code": 0,
|
||
"message": "success",
|
||
"data": {}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 分页参数
|
||
|
||
```json
|
||
{
|
||
"page": 1,
|
||
"limit": 20,
|
||
"sort": "created_at",
|
||
"order": "desc"
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 认证方式
|
||
|
||
- JWT Token
|
||
- Header: `Authorization: Bearer <token>`
|
||
|
||
### 错误处理
|
||
|
||
```go
|
||
// Go
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
core.WriteResponse(c, errno.ErrXxx, nil)
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// TypeScript
|
||
try {
|
||
const result = await api.call();
|
||
} catch (error) {
|
||
message.error(error.message);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Swift
|
||
do {
|
||
let result = try await service.fetch()
|
||
} catch {
|
||
// 处理错误
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Git 工作流
|
||
|
||
### 提交规范
|
||
|
||
| 类型 | 说明 |
|
||
|------|------|
|
||
| feat | 新功能 |
|
||
| fix | Bug 修复 |
|
||
| docs | 文档 |
|
||
| refactor | 重构 |
|
||
| test | 测试 |
|
||
| chore | 杂项 |
|
||
|
||
### 双电脑同步 (au-dev / cn-dev)
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 离开时
|
||
git add -A
|
||
git commit -m "WIP: sync from $(hostname)"
|
||
git push origin $(git branch --show-current)
|
||
|
||
# 到达时
|
||
git fetch origin
|
||
git pull origin $(git branch --show-current)
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Docker 部署
|
||
|
||
### 标准配置
|
||
|
||
```yaml
|
||
# docker-compose.yml
|
||
services:
|
||
backend:
|
||
build: ./backend
|
||
ports:
|
||
- "8080:8080"
|
||
depends_on:
|
||
- db
|
||
- redis
|
||
|
||
frontend:
|
||
build: ./frontend
|
||
ports:
|
||
- "80:80"
|
||
|
||
db:
|
||
image: mysql:8.0
|
||
# 或 postgres:15
|
||
|
||
redis:
|
||
image: redis:alpine
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 常用端口
|
||
|
||
| 服务 | 端口 |
|
||
|------|------|
|
||
| Backend | 8080 / 9099 |
|
||
| Frontend | 80 / 3000 |
|
||
| MySQL | 3306 |
|
||
| PostgreSQL | 5432 |
|
||
| Redis | 6379 |
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## Push 前必须通过：变更包单元测试
|
||
|
||
**在 `git push` 或 `/pr create` 之前，必须跑所有变更文件对应包的单元测试。**
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
# 找出变更的 Go 文件所在包，跑对应测试
|
||
PKGS=$(git diff --name-only origin/main...HEAD | grep '\.go$' | grep -v '_test\.go' | sed 's|/[^/]*$||' | sort -u | sed 's|^|./|' | tr '\n' ' ')
|
||
|
||
if [ -n "$PKGS" ]; then
|
||
echo "Running tests for changed packages: $PKGS"
|
||
go test -v -count=1 $PKGS
|
||
else
|
||
echo "No Go files changed, skipping tests"
|
||
fi
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
**规则：**
|
||
- 测试通过 → 继续 push + `/pr create`
|
||
- 测试失败 → 尝试自动修复，修复后重跑
|
||
- 修复成功 → 继续 push
|
||
- **修复失败 → 禁止 push，向用户报告失败原因，等待指示**
|
||
- 仅改了 `_test.go` → 同样需要跑（验证测试本身通过）
|
||
- 无 Go 文件变更（纯前端/文档） → 跳过
|
||
|
||
---
|
||
|
||
## 最佳实践
|
||
|
||
1. **任务驱动** - 使用 ai-proj 管理所有开发任务
|
||
2. **分层清晰** - Controller → Service → Repository
|
||
3. **接口先行** - 先定义接口再实现
|
||
4. **小步提交** - 频繁提交，每次做一件事
|
||
5. **测试覆盖** - 核心逻辑必须有测试
|
||
6. **文档同步** - 代码变更同步更新文档
|
||
|
||
## 相关技能
|
||
|
||
| 技能 | 用途 | 关系 |
|
||
|------|------|------|
|
||
| `req-test-gate` | 测试与质量门禁 + Harness Engineering | 建立项目质量门禁和约定自动检测，dev-coding 遵守其建立的 CLAUDE.md 约定 |
|